In this analysis, a high percentage of upstaging is observed in robotic surgery, having similar values to open surgery results, usually considered the gold standard in terms of oncologic radicality. Nodal upstaging is considered a surrogate of the completeness of thoracic oncologic surgery for this reason, various studies focus on the evaluation of its rate in the different surgical approaches used to treat lung cancer. In early stages non-small cell lung cancer, nodal upstaging amounts to 4.8%-24.6%, depending on several factors, such as accuracy of preoperative staging, localisation and size of tumour and number of lymph nodes removed. Nodal upstaging takes place when unsuspected lymph node metastases are detected by pathological evaluation, after surgical treatment for non-small cell lung cancer.
0 kommentar(er)
